*SHOW ~ Grass Genera - item descriptions.

*ITEM DESCRIPTIONS

# Agrostis <L.>/
1<Agraulus P. Beauv., Agrestis Bub., Anomalotis
Steud., Bromidium Nees, Candollea Steud.,
Chaetotropis Kunth, Decandolea Batard, Didymochaeta
Steud., Lachnagrostis Trin., Neoschischkinia Tsvelev,
Notonema Raf., Pentatherum Nabelek, Podagrostis
(Griseb.) Scribn., Senisetum Koidz., Trichodium Michaux,
Vilfa Adans.> 2,1/2 3<mostly>,(3-)5-100 4,2 5,2 6,2 7,1 8,0.2-10 11,1
12,2 13,5 14,1/2<e.g., Bromidium> 15,2 16,2 18,- 19,2 26,0.8-4 27,1
28,1 30,1/2 31,1<the hairs less than 0.5 mm long>/2 33,2 34,2 35,2 36,2 37,1/2
38,1 39,1 44,1 45,1-2<usually truncate or emarginate, sometimes toothed via
excurrent veins> 47,1/2/3 48<when present,>,1/3<Bromidium>/5<rarely>
49,2 50,2 51,1-2/3<<2%> rarely> 52,2 53,2 54,3-5 55<nearly always>,1 56,1/2/3
57,1 58,2 59,2 60,3 61,1 62,2 63,1 64,1 66,1 68,2 70,1 73,1/2 74,1 76,1/2 78,1
79,2 80,4 85<about>,220 86,1&2&3&4&5&6 87<Metcalfe 1960; this project>
89<agrostis>

# Andropogon <L.>/
1<Anatherum P. Beauv., Arthrostachys Desv.,
Arthrolophis (Trin.) Chiov., Dimeiostemon Raf.,
Eriopodium Hochst., Heterochloa Desv., Homoeatherum
Nees, Leptopogon Roberty> 2,1/2 3,8-250(-430) 4,2 5,1/2 7,1 9,1/2
11,1-2 12,2 13,2/5<usually with paired or digitate racemes, these often
spatheate and aggregated into false panicles> 15,1<often>/2 16,1 17,2 18,2 20,1
21,1 22,2 23,1 24,3/4<sometimes reduced to their pedicels> 25<the pedicelled
spikelets male or barren, usually awnless, occasionally suppressed> 27,1/2/3
28,3 29,- 30,2 31,1 33,2 34,2 35,2 36,1/2<Gsub{}2nosupersub{} sometimes
aristate> 38,1-3 39,2 40,1 41,1 42,2 43,2 44,1 45,2<usually bifid> 47,3 48,1
49,1 50,2 51,2-3 52,2 54,1-3 55,1 56,3<hyaline> 57,1<tiny> 58,1 59,1/2 60,1-3
61,1 62,2 64,1 66,1 68,1 69,3<3 species> 70,2 73,1 74,2 75,1 76,1/2 78,5 79,6
84,5 85<about>,100 86,1&2&3&4 87<Metcalfe 1960; this project> 89<andropog>

# Anisopogon <R.Br.>/
2<oat-like>,2 3,60-110 4,2 6,2 7,2 8,2-3 11,2<the membrane short to relatively
long, hairy on the back> 12,2 13,5 14,1 15,2 16,2 18,- 19,2 26,40-60 27,1 28,1
30,1<the slender prolongation 6-8 mm long, in the palea groove> 31,1<about 6 mm
long, with dense, white hairs> 33,2 34,2<the upper slightly longer> 35,2 36,2
37,2 38,7-9 39,1/2<usually with a single, abortive floret> 40,2 44,1 45,2 47,3
48,3 49,1 50,2 51,3<up to 8 cm long> 52,2<rounded on the back> 53,2 54,3 55,1
56,1<narrow, lanceolate> 57,1 58,2<two stipoid and larger, the third smaller
and flimsier> 59,2 60,3 61,2<sparingly so, towards the apex> 62,2/3 63,1 64,2
66,2 67,1/2 68,2 70,1 73,2 74,1 76,2 78,3 82,2 85,1 86,5 87<this project>
89<anisopog>

# Bambusa <Schreber>/
1<Arundarbor Kuntze, Bonia Balansa, Criciuma
Soderstrom & Londoño, Dendrocalamopsis (Chia & Fung) Keng f.,
Eremocaulon Soderstrom & Londoño, Guadua Kunth,
Ischurochloa Büse, Leleba Nakai, Lingnania McClure,
Tetragonocalamus Nakai  cf. Clayton and Renvoize (1986). Soderstrom
and Ellis (1987) refer Criciuma, Eremocaulon and
Guadua to their subtribe Guaduinae, along with Olmeca, and
place Tetragonocalamus in the Arundinariinae, but revised generic
descriptions adequate for the present purpose are not available> 2,2
3,(200-)500-3500 4,1 5,1 6,2 9,1 11,1-2 12,2 13<of pseudospikelets, these
solitary or in tufts, fascicles or capitula on leafless branches> 14,1 15,1 16,2
19,2 26,10-80 27,1-2 28,1 29,2 30,1 31,2 33,2 34,2 35,1 36,2 37,1 38,7-18 39,2
40,2/3 41,0-3<?  fewer than 4> 42,2 43,2 44,1-20<many> 45,1 46,2
47,1<usually>/2<Guadua> 52,1-2 54,9-22 55,1 56,1 57,1 58,2 59,1 60,6
61,2 62,3<usually?> 66,2 68,2 70,1 71,1 72,1 73,1 74,3 76,2 78,2 79,4 81,15
85<about>,120 86,1&2&3&5 87<Metcalfe 1960; this project> 89<bambusa>

# Chloris <O. Swartz>/
1<Actinochloris Steud., Agrostomia Cerv., Apogon
Steud., Chloridopsis Hack., Chloropsis Kuntze,
Chlorostis Raf., Geopogon Steud., Heterolepis Boiss.,
Leptochloris Kuntze, Phacellaria Steud., Trichloris
Benth.> 2,1/2 3,10-300 4,2 6,2 7,1 11,2-3 12,2 13,2<rarely a single raceme> 14,-
15,2 16,2 18,1/2 19,1<on the dorsiventral rachis> 20,2 26,1.8-5.5 27,1 28,1<the
glumes usually persistent> 30,1 31,1<usually minute> 33,2 34,1<divergent>
35<(the longer) usually>,1 36,2 38,1-4 39,2 40,2<at least one of these
conspicuous  the spikelet with two florets> 44,1<rarely 2> 45,1<truncate>/2
47,3 48,1<usually>/3<<5%>> 49,1/3 50,1 52,1 53,2 54,1-7 55,1 56,1 57,1 58,1 59,2
60,3 61,1 62,2 63,1/2 64,1 66,1 67,1-3 68,1 69,1<6 species> 70,1 73,1 74,1/2
75,1/2 76,1/2 78,4 83,4 85<about>,55 86,1&2&3&5 87<Metcalfe 1960; this project>
89<chloris>

# Cynodon <Rich.>/
1<Capriola Adans., Dactilon Vill., Fibichia Koel.>
2,2 3,4-60(-100) 4,2 6,2 7,1 10,1 11,2<very short>/3 12,2 13,2 14,- 15,2 16,2
18,1 19,1 20,- 26,1.7-3 27,1 28,1/2 30,1/2<C. incompletus> 31,2 33,2
34,1-2 35,1 36,2 37,1 38,1/1-3 39,1<normally>/2 40<(when present)>,2 44,1 45,1
46,1/2 47,1 52,1 54,1-4 55,1 56,1 57,1 58,1 59,2 60,3 61,1 62,2 63,2 64,1 66,1
67,3 68,1 69,2<2 species> 70,1 73,1 74,1/2 76,2 78,4 83,4 85,10 86,1&2&3&4&5&6
87<this project> 89<cynodon>

# Echinochloa <P. Beauv.>/
1<Ornithospermum Dumoulin, Tema Adans.> 2,1/2 3,40-360 4,2
5,1/2 6,2 10,1/2 11<when present,>,3 12,2 13,2<the spikelets often hispid> 15,2
16,2 18<paired, or clustered in little secondary racemelets> 19,1 20,- 26,2.3-7
27,3 28,3 30,2 31,2 33,2 34,1 35<(the upper)>,1-2 36,1/2 38,5/7 39,2 40,1 41,1
42,1<<10%> rarely>/2 43,1/2 44,1 45,1 47,1<obtuse to apiculate> 52,2 53,1 54,5
55,1<the tip reflexed> 56,1 57,1 58,1 59,2 60,3 61,1 62,2 63,2 64,1 66,1 68,1
69,3<3 species> 70,2 73,1 74,2 75,1 76,1 78,5 79,5 84,2 85,30-40 86,1&2&3&5
87<Metcalfe 1960; this project> 89<echinoch>

# Eleusine <Gaertn.>/
2,1/2<the culms flattened> 3,10-150 4,2 6,2 7,1 11,2 12,2 13,2 14,1/2<sometimes
forming a capitulum> 15,2 16,2 19,1 20,- 26,3.5-11 27,1 28,1/4<E.
coracana> 29,2<except in E. coracana> 30,1 31,2 33,2 34,1 35,1
36,2 37,1 38,3-5(-7) 39,1/2 40,2 44,3-15 45,1 46,1/2 47,1-2 52,1 54,3 55,1 57,1
58,1/2 59,2 60,3 61,1 62,2 63,1/3 64,1<0.9-2 mm long> 65,1 66,1 67,1 68,1 69,2<2
species> 70,1 73,1 74,1 76,2 78,4 83,4 85,9 86,1&2&3&4&6 87<Metcalfe 1960; this
project> 89<eleusine>

# Festuca <L.>/
1<Amphigenes Janka, Anatherum Nabelek, Argillochloa
Weber, Bucetum Parnell, Drymochloa Holub, Drymonaetes
Fourr., Festucaria Fabric., Gnomonia Lunell, Gramen
Krause, Hellerochloa Rauschert, Leiopoa Ohwi,
Lojaconoa Gand., Nabelekia Roshev., Wasatchia M. E.
Jones> 2,2 3,2-200 4,2 5,2 6,2 7,1-2 8,0.2-15 11,1<sometimes ciliolate>
12,2<Leucopoa being excluded> 13,5 14,1<usually>/2<<15%> rarely> 15,2
16,2 18,- 19,2 26,3-20 27,1 28,1 29,2 30,1 31,2 33,2 34,1 35,1 36,2 37,1-2
38,(1-)3-5 39,2 40,2 44,2-14<rarely 1> 45,1/2 46<when entire>,1/2 47,1/2/3
48<when present,>,1 49,1/3 50,1 51,1<usually>/2<sometimes, rarely somewhat
longer> 52,2 54,3-7 55,1 56,1 57,1 58,2 59,1/2 60,3 61,1/2 62,2 63,1 64,1/2/3
66,2<usually about as long as the grain, but sometimes elliptical and only half
as long> 68,2 70,1 73,1/2 74,1 76,1/2 78,1 79,2 80,7 85,360<or more>
86,1&2&3&4&5&6 87<Metcalfe 1960; this project; Aiken et al. 1985>
89<festuca>

# Oryza <L.>/
1<Padia Moritzi> 2,1/2 3,30-300 4,2 6,2 7,1-2 9,1/2 11,1 12,2 13,5<axes
usually wavy, the spikelets appressed>/2<the primary branches often reduced to
racemes> 14,1 15,2 16,2 18,- 19,2 26,4-12 27<strongly>,1 28,1<i.e. above the
pedicel cup representing them>/- 30,2 31,2 32,1-2<represented only by a small
2-lobed cupule> 33<if present,>,2 34,2 35,1 36,2 38,0 39,2 40,1 41,2<small,
vestigial, no more than half the spikelet length, sometimes only bristles> 42,2
43,2 44,1 45,1 46,1 47,1/2/3 48<when present,>,1 49,3 50,1 51,1-3 52<strongly>,1
54,3-9 55,1 56,1<but narrower than the lemma> 57,1 58,2<but the membranous
flange may be narrow> 59,2 60,6 61,1 62,2 64,1/2/3 66,2 68,2 70,1 71,1 72,2 73,1
74,3 76,2 78,2 79,3 81,1 85,25 86,1&2&3 87<Metcalfe 1960; this project>
89<oryza>

# Panicum <L.>/
1<Chasea Nieuw., Coleataenia Griseb., Dileucaden
(Raf.) Steud., Eatonia Raf., Eriolytrum Kunth, Milium
Adans., Monachne P. Beauv., Phanopyrum (Raf.) Nash,
Polyneura Peter, Psilochloa Launert, Setiacis S.L.
Chen and Y.X. Jin (?  original description inadequate)> 2,1/2<but no
overwintering rosette  by contrast with Dichanthelium> 3,20-400 4,1/2
5,1/2 6,1/2 9,1<<2%> rarely>/2 11,1/2-3 12,2 13,5<except in the
Stolonifera group, where it consists of racemes and the distinction
from Brachiaria breaks down> 14,1/2 15,2 16,2 18,- 19,2<except the
American Agrostoidea group, Psilochloa, etc.> 26,1.4-6 27,3<with very
few exceptions: e.g. P. hemitomum> 28,3/4 30,2<very rarely prolonged,
e.g. occasionally in P. heliophilum: Zuloaga and Morone 1991> 31,2 33,2
34<nearly always>,1 35<(the longer)>,2 36<nearly always>,2<the
Gsub{}2nosupersub{} truncate to pointed, very rarely shortly awn-tipped>
38,3-9 39<nearly always>,2 40,1 41,1<rarely 2> 42,1/2 43,2 44,1 45,1 46,1/2
47,1<rarely minutely apiculate> 52,2 53,1 54,3-11 55,1 56,1 57,1 58,1 59,2 60,3
61,1 62,2 63,2 64,1 66,1<linear in (e.g.) P. glutinosum, P.
macranthum, P. pilgerianum = Psilochloa> 68,1/2 69,1<5
species>/2<14 species>/3<4 species> 70<when biochemically
tested,>,1<Csub{}3nosupersub{}, or Csub{}4nosupersub{} NAD-ME or
PCK>/2<NADP-ME> 73,1/2 74,1/2 75,1/2 76,1/2<rarely> 78,5 79,5 84,2 85<about>,370
86,1&2&3&5&6 87<mainly Metcalfe 1960 and this project> 89<panicum>

# Phragmites <Adans.>/
1<Czernya Presl, Miphragtes Nieuwland, Oxyanthe
Steud., Trichoon Roth, Xenochloa Roem. & Schult.> 2,2
3,60-400<1000 cm> 4,1-2<often somewhat persistent> 5,1<especially when main
culm damaged>/2 6,2 7,2-3 8,6-50 9,2 11,3 12,2 13,5 14,1<20-60 cm long, plumose,
the fertile lemmas surrounded by long white silky hairs> 15,2 16,2 18,- 19,2
26,9-16 27,1 28,1<at least above the Lsub{}1nosupersub{}> 29,2 30,1 31,1<with
long fine silky hairs> 33,2 34,1 35,1 36,2 37,2<rounded on the back> 38,3-5 39,2
40,3 41,1 42,1<the stamens often 2>/2 43,2 44,(2-)3-10 45,1 46,1<acute to
acuminate or aristulate> 47,1/3<narrow-attenuate, muticous to aristulate> 48<(if
lemmas aristulate)>,1 49,3 50,1 51,1 52,2 54,1-3 55,1 56,2 57,1 58,1 59,1/2 60,3
61,1 62,2 63,3 64,1 66,1 68,2 70,1 71,1 73,1 74,2 76,2 78,3 82,5 85,3
86,1&2&3&5&6 87<Metcalfe 1960; this project> 89<phragmit>

# Poa <L.>/
1<Arctopoa (Griseb.) Probat., Neuropoa Clayton,
Oreopoa Grand., Paneion Lunell, Parodiochloa C.E.
Hubb., Poagrostis Raf.> 2,1/2 3,(1-)4-150 4,2 5,2 7,1/2<often ending in
a boat-shaped tip> 8,0.2-12<rarely wider> 11,1/2<<10%> rarely> 12,2<<95%>>/3<or
gynodioecious, in subgenus Andinae> 13,5 14,1/2 15,2 16,2 18,- 19,2
26,2-11 27,1 28,1 29,2 30,1 31,1/2 33,2 34,2/1-2<nearly always subequal, with
the Gsub{}1nosupersub{} somewhat shorter> 35,1 36,2 37,1 38,(1-)3(-5) 39,1/2
40,2 44,(1-)2-13(-15)<the one-floreted species very unusual, perhaps restricted
to Malesia> 45<nearly always>,1<very rarely tridenticulate> 46,1 47,1/2<23 mm
terminal awns in a very few species, e.g. in the southern South American
P. flabellata> 52,1 53,2 54,(3-)5/7-11<<2%> rarely, e.g. in the
Australian Neuropoa> 55,1 56,1/2 57,1 58,2 59<nearly
always>,2<occasionally ciliolate> 60,3 61,1 62,2 63,1 64,1 66,1 68,2 70,1 73,1
74,1 76,1/2 78,1 79,2 80,7 85<about>,500 86,1&2&3&5&6 87<mainly Metcalfe 1960;
this project> 89<poa>

# Zea <L.>/
1<Mays Miller, Mayzea Raf., Reana Brignoli,
Thalysia Kuntze. = Zea mays subsp. mays> 2<robust>,1
3,200-450 4,2 6,2 11,2 12,1 13,-<peculiar: the female axillary, comprising a
stout, spicate spadix with spikelets in few to several longitudinal rows,
terminating in a tuft of long pendulous styles (silks); the male spikelets in
terminal panicles of spiciform tassels> 14,- 15,2 16,2 18,2 19,2
20,1<male>/2<female> 25<male spikelets in pairs, two-flowered, with many-nerved,
membranous glumes. Lemmas and paleas hyaline, the florets with three stamens and
two cuneate lodicules> 27,2-3 28,4 30,2 31,2 33,2 34,2 35,2 36,2 37,- 38,0 39,2
40,1 41,1 42,2 43,2 44,1 47,1 52,2 54,3 55,1 56,1 57,2 60,0 61,1 62,2<at tip of
style> 63,1-2<or green> 64,2 66,1 68,1 69,3 70,2 73,1 74,2 75,1 76,1 77,1 78,5
79,6 84,6 85,1 86,3 87<Metcalfe 1960; this project> 89<zea>
